Yesaya 43:1-21
Konteks43:1 Now, this is what the Lord says,
the one who created you, O Jacob,
and formed you, O Israel:
“Don’t be afraid, for I will protect 1 you.
I call you by name, you are mine.
43:2 When you pass through the waters, I am with you;
when you pass 2 through the streams, they will not overwhelm you.
When you walk through the fire, you will not be burned;
the flames will not harm 3 you.
43:3 For I am the Lord your God,
the Holy One of Israel, 4 your deliverer.
I have handed over Egypt as a ransom price,
Ethiopia and Seba 5 in place of you.
43:4 Since you are precious and special in my sight, 6
and I love you,
I will hand over people in place of you,
nations in place of your life.
43:5 Don’t be afraid, for I am with you.
From the east I will bring your descendants;
from the west I will gather you.
43:6 I will say to the north, ‘Hand them over!’
and to the south, ‘Don’t hold any back!’
Bring my sons from distant lands,
and my daughters from the remote regions of the earth,
43:7 everyone who belongs to me, 7
whom I created for my glory,
whom I formed – yes, whom I made!
43:8 Bring out the people who are blind, even though they have eyes,
those who are deaf, even though they have ears!
43:9 All nations gather together,
the peoples assemble.
Who among them announced this?
Who predicted earlier events for us? 8
Let them produce their witnesses to testify they were right;
let them listen and affirm, ‘It is true.’
43:10 You are my witnesses,” says the Lord,
“my servant whom I have chosen,
so that you may consider 9 and believe in me,
and understand that I am he.
No god was formed before me,
and none will outlive me. 10
43:11 I, I am the Lord,
and there is no deliverer besides me.
43:12 I decreed and delivered and proclaimed,
and there was no other god among you.
You are my witnesses,” says the Lord, “that I am God.
43:13 From this day forward I am he;
no one can deliver from my power; 11
I will act, and who can prevent it?”
43:14 This is what the Lord says,
your protector, 12 the Holy One of Israel: 13
“For your sake I send to Babylon
and make them all fugitives, 14
turning the Babylonians’ joyful shouts into mourning songs. 15
43:15 I am the Lord, your Holy One, 16
the one who created Israel, your king.”
43:16 This is what the Lord says,
the one who made a road through the sea,
a pathway through the surging waters,
43:17 the one who led chariots and horses to destruction, 17
together with a mighty army.
They fell down, 18 never to rise again;
they were extinguished, put out like a burning wick:
43:18 “Don’t remember these earlier events; 19
don’t recall these former events.
43:19 “Look, I am about to do something new.
Now it begins to happen! 20 Do you not recognize 21 it?
Yes, I will make a road in the desert
and paths 22 in the wilderness.
43:20 The wild animals of the desert honor me,
the jackals and ostriches,
because I put water in the desert
and streams in the wilderness,
to quench the thirst of my chosen people,
43:21 the people whom I formed for myself,
so they might praise me.” 23
Yesaya 49:1-26
Konteks49:1 Listen to me, you coastlands! 24
Pay attention, you people who live far away!
The Lord summoned me from birth; 25
he commissioned me when my mother brought me into the world. 26
49:2 He made my mouth like a sharp sword,
he hid me in the hollow of his hand;
he made me like a sharpened 27 arrow,
he hid me in his quiver. 28
49:3 He said to me, “You are my servant,
Israel, through whom I will reveal my splendor.” 29
49:4 But I thought, 30 “I have worked in vain;
I have expended my energy for absolutely nothing.” 31
But the Lord will vindicate me;
my God will reward me. 32
49:5 So now the Lord says,
the one who formed me from birth 33 to be his servant –
he did this 34 to restore Jacob to himself,
so that Israel might be gathered to him;
and I will be honored 35 in the Lord’s sight,
for my God is my source of strength 36 –
49:6 he says, “Is it too insignificant a task for you to be my servant,
to reestablish the tribes of Jacob,
and restore the remnant 37 of Israel? 38
I will make you a light to the nations, 39
so you can bring 40 my deliverance to the remote regions of the earth.”
49:7 This is what the Lord,
the protector 41 of Israel, their Holy One, 42 says
to the one who is despised 43 and rejected 44 by nations, 45
a servant of rulers:
“Kings will see and rise in respect, 46
princes will bow down,
because of the faithful Lord,
the Holy One of Israel who has chosen you.”
49:8 This is what the Lord says:
“At the time I decide to show my favor, I will respond to you;
in the day of deliverance I will help you;
I will protect you 47 and make you a covenant mediator for people, 48
and to reassign the desolate property.
49:9 You will say 51 to the prisoners, ‘Come out,’
and to those who are in dark dungeons, 52 ‘Emerge.’ 53
They will graze beside the roads;
on all the slopes they will find pasture.
49:10 They will not be hungry or thirsty;
the sun’s oppressive heat will not beat down on them, 54
for one who has compassion on them will guide them;
he will lead them to springs of water.
49:11 I will make all my mountains into a road;
I will construct my roadways.”
49:12 Look, they come from far away!
Look, some come from the north and west,
and others from the land of Sinim! 55
49:13 Shout for joy, O sky! 56
Rejoice, O earth!
Let the mountains give a joyful shout!
For the Lord consoles his people
and shows compassion to the 57 oppressed.
49:14 “Zion said, ‘The Lord has abandoned me,
the sovereign master 58 has forgotten me.’
49:15 Can a woman forget her baby who nurses at her breast? 59
Can she withhold compassion from the child she has borne? 60
Even if mothers 61 were to forget,
I could never forget you! 62
49:16 Look, I have inscribed your name 63 on my palms;
your walls are constantly before me.
49:17 Your children hurry back,
while those who destroyed and devastated you depart.
All of them gather to you.
As surely as I live,” says the Lord,
“you will certainly wear all of them like jewelry;
you will put them on as if you were a bride.
49:19 Yes, your land lies in ruins;
it is desolate and devastated. 65
But now you will be too small to hold your residents,
and those who devoured you will be far away.
49:20 Yet the children born during your time of bereavement
will say within your hearing,
‘This place is too cramped for us, 66
make room for us so we can live here.’ 67
49:21 Then you will think to yourself, 68
‘Who bore these children for me?
I was bereaved and barren,
dismissed and divorced. 69
Who raised these children?
Look, I was left all alone;
where did these children come from?’”
49:22 This is what the sovereign Lord says:
“Look I will raise my hand to the nations;
I will raise my signal flag to the peoples.
They will bring your sons in their arms
and carry your daughters on their shoulders.
49:23 Kings will be your children’s 70 guardians;
their princesses will nurse your children. 71
With their faces to the ground they will bow down to you
and they will lick the dirt on 72 your feet.
Then you will recognize that I am the Lord;
those who wait patiently for me are not put to shame.
49:24 Can spoils be taken from a warrior,
or captives be rescued from a conqueror? 73
49:25 Indeed,” says the Lord,
“captives will be taken from a warrior;
spoils will be rescued from a conqueror.
I will oppose your adversary
and I will rescue your children.
49:26 I will make your oppressors eat their own flesh;
they will get drunk on their own blood, as if it were wine. 74
Then all humankind 75 will recognize that
I am the Lord, your deliverer,
your protector, 76 the powerful ruler of Jacob.” 77
Yesaya 52:1-12
Konteks52:1 Wake up! Wake up!
Clothe yourself with strength, O Zion!
Put on your beautiful clothes,
O Jerusalem, 78 holy city!
For uncircumcised and unclean pagans
will no longer invade you.
Get up, captive 80 Jerusalem!
Take off the iron chains around your neck,
O captive daughter Zion!
52:3 For this is what the Lord says:
“You were sold for nothing,
and you will not be redeemed for money.”
52:4 For this is what the sovereign Lord says:
“In the beginning my people went to live temporarily in Egypt;
Assyria oppressed them for no good reason.
52:5 And now, what do we have here?” 81 says the Lord.
“Indeed my people have been carried away for nothing,
those who rule over them taunt,” 82 says the Lord,
“and my name is constantly slandered 83 all day long.
52:6 For this reason my people will know my name,
for this reason they will know 84 at that time 85 that I am the one who says,
‘Here I am.’”
52:7 How delightful it is to see approaching over the mountains 86
the feet of a messenger who announces peace,
a messenger who brings good news, who announces deliverance,
who says to Zion, “Your God reigns!” 87
52:8 Listen, 88 your watchmen shout;
in unison they shout for joy,
for they see with their very own eyes 89
the Lord’s return to Zion.
52:9 In unison give a joyful shout,
O ruins of Jerusalem!
For the Lord consoles his people;
he protects 90 Jerusalem.
52:10 The Lord reveals 91 his royal power 92
in the sight of all the nations;
the entire 93 earth sees
our God deliver. 94
52:11 Leave! Leave! Get out of there!
Don’t touch anything unclean!
Get out of it!
Stay pure, you who carry the Lord’s holy items! 95
52:12 Yet do not depart quickly
or leave in a panic. 96
For the Lord goes before you;
the God of Israel is your rear guard.
Yesaya 60:1-22
Konteks60:1 “Arise! Shine! For your light arrives!
The splendor 97 of the Lord shines on you!
60:2 For, look, darkness covers the earth
and deep darkness covers 98 the nations,
but the Lord shines on you;
his splendor 99 appears over you.
60:3 Nations come to your light,
kings to your bright light.
They all gather and come to you –
your sons come from far away
and your daughters are escorted by guardians.
60:5 Then you will look and smile, 101
you will be excited and your heart will swell with pride. 102
For the riches of distant lands 103 will belong to you
and the wealth of nations will come to you.
60:6 Camel caravans will cover your roads, 104
young camels from Midian and Ephah.
All the merchants of Sheba 105 will come,
bringing gold and incense
and singing praises to the Lord. 106
60:7 All the sheep of Kedar will be gathered to you;
the rams of Nebaioth will be available to you as sacrifices. 107
They will go up on my altar acceptably, 108
and I will bestow honor on my majestic temple.
60:8 Who are these who float along 109 like a cloud,
who fly like doves to their shelters? 110
60:9 Indeed, the coastlands 111 look eagerly for me,
the large ships 112 are in the lead,
bringing your sons from far away,
along with their silver and gold,
to honor the Lord your God, 113
the Holy One of Israel, 114 for he has bestowed honor on you.
60:10 Foreigners will rebuild your walls;
their kings will serve you.
Even though I struck you down in my anger,
I will restore my favor and have compassion on you. 115
60:11 Your gates will remain open at all times;
they will not be shut during the day or at night,
so that the wealth of nations may be delivered,
with their kings leading the way. 116
60:12 Indeed, 117 nations or kingdoms that do not serve you will perish;
such nations will be totally destroyed. 118
60:13 The splendor of Lebanon will come to you,
its evergreens, firs, and cypresses together,
to beautify my palace; 119
I will bestow honor on my throne room. 120
60:14 The children of your oppressors will come bowing to you;
all who treated you with disrespect will bow down at your feet.
They will call you, ‘The City of the Lord,
Zion of the Holy One of Israel.’ 121
60:15 You were once abandoned
and despised, with no one passing through,
but I will make you 122 a permanent source of pride
and joy to coming generations.
60:16 You will drink the milk of nations;
you will nurse at the breasts of kings. 123
Then you will recognize that I, the Lord, am your deliverer,
your protector, 124 the powerful ruler of Jacob. 125
60:17 Instead of bronze, I will bring you gold,
instead of iron, I will bring you silver,
instead of wood, I will bring you 126 bronze,
instead of stones, I will bring you 127 iron.
I will make prosperity 128 your overseer,
and vindication your sovereign ruler. 129
60:18 Sounds of violence 130 will no longer be heard in your land,
or the sounds of 131 destruction and devastation within your borders.
You will name your walls, ‘Deliverance,’
and your gates, ‘Praise.’
60:19 The sun will no longer supply light for you by day,
nor will the moon’s brightness shine on you;
the Lord will be your permanent source of light –
the splendor of your God will shine upon you. 132
60:20 Your sun will no longer set;
your moon will not disappear; 133
the Lord will be your permanent source of light;
your time 134 of sorrow will be over.
60:21 All of your people will be godly; 135
they will possess the land permanently.
I will plant them like a shoot;
they will be the product of my labor,
through whom I reveal my splendor. 136
60:22 The least of you will multiply into 137 a thousand;
the smallest of you will become a large nation.
When the right time comes, I the Lord will quickly do this!” 138
[43:1] 1 tn Or “redeem.” See the note at 41:14. Cf. NCV “saved you”; CEV “rescued you”; NLT “ransomed you.”
[43:2] 2 tn The verb is understood by ellipsis (note the preceding line).
[43:2] 3 tn Heb “burn” (so NASB); NAB, NRSV, NLT “consume”; NIV “set you ablaze.”
[43:3] 4 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
[43:3] 5 sn Seba is not the same as Sheba in southern Arabia; cf. Gen 1:10; 1 Chr 1:9.
[43:4] 6 tn Heb “Since you are precious in my eyes and you are honored.”
[43:7] 7 tn Heb “everyone who is called by my name” (so NASB, NIV, NRSV).
[43:9] 8 tn Heb “and the former things was causing us to hear?”
[43:10] 9 tn Or “know” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
[43:10] 10 tn Heb “and after me, there will not be”; NASB “there will be none after Me.”
[43:13] 11 tn Heb “hand” (so KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); NLT “No one can oppose what I do.”
[43:14] 12 tn Or “kinsman redeemer.” See the note at 41:14.
[43:14] 13 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
[43:14] 14 tn Heb “and I bring down [as] fugitives all of them.”
[43:14] 15 tn The Hebrew text reads literally, “as for the Babylonians, in ships their joyful shout.” This might be paraphrased, “even the Babylonians in the ships [over which] they joyfully shouted.” The point would be that the Lord caused the Babylonians to flee for safety in the ships in which they took such great pride. A slight change in vocalization yields the reading “into mourning songs,” which provides a good contrast with “joyful shout.” The prefixed bet (בְּ) would indicate identity.
[43:15] 16 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
[43:17] 17 tn Heb “led out chariots and horses.” The words “to destruction” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The verse refers to the destruction of the Egyptians at the Red Sea.
[43:17] 18 tn Heb “lay down”; NAB “lie prostrate together”; CEV “lie dead”; NRSV “they lie down.”
[43:18] 19 tn Heb “the former things” (so KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); NLT “forget all that.”
[43:19] 20 tn Heb “sprouts up”; NASB “will spring forth.”
[43:19] 21 tn Or “know” (KJV, ASV); NASB “be aware of”; NAB, NIV, NRSV “perceive.”
[43:19] 22 tn The Hebrew texts has “streams,” probably under the influence of v. 20. The Qumran scroll 1QIsaa has נתיבות (“paths”).
[43:21] 23 tn Heb “[so] they might declare my praise.”
[49:1] 24 tn Or “islands” (NASB, NIV); NLT “in far-off lands.”
[49:1] sn The Lord’s special servant, introduced in chap. 42, speaks here of his commission.
[49:1] 25 tn Heb “called me from the womb.”
[49:1] 26 tn Heb “from the inner parts of my mother he mentioned my name.”
[49:2] 27 tn Or perhaps, “polished” (so KJV, ASV, NAB, NIV, NRSV); NASB “a select arrow.”
[49:2] 28 sn The figurative language emphasizes the servant’s importance as the Lord’s effective instrument. The servant’s mouth, which stands metonymically for his words, is compared to a sharp sword because he will be an effective spokesman on God’s behalf (see 50:4). The Lord holds his hand on the servant, ready to draw and use him at the appropriate time. The servant is like a sharpened arrow reserved in a quiver for just the right moment.
[49:3] 29 sn This verse identifies the servant as Israel. This seems to refer to the exiled nation (cf. 41:8-9; 44:1-2, 21; 45:4; 48:20), but in vv. 5-6 this servant says he has been commissioned to reconcile Israel to God, so he must be distinct from the exiled nation. This servant is an ideal “Israel” who, like Moses of old, mediates a covenant for the nation (see v. 8), leads them out of bondage (v. 9a), and carries out God’s original plan for Israel by positively impacting the pagan nations (see v. 6b). By living according to God’s law, Israel was to be a model of God’s standards of justice to the surrounding nations (Deut 4:6-8). The sinful nation failed, but the servant, the ideal “Israel,” will succeed by establishing justice throughout the earth.
[49:4] 30 tn Or “said” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); NLT “I replied.”
[49:4] 31 tn Heb “for nothing and emptiness.” Synonyms are combined to emphasize the common idea.
[49:4] 32 tn Heb “But my justice is with the Lord, and my reward [or “wage”] with my God.”
[49:5] 33 tn Heb “from the womb” (so KJV, NASB).
[49:5] 34 tn The words “he did this” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. In the Hebrew text the infinitive construct of purpose is subordinated to the previous statement.
[49:5] 35 tn The vav (ו) + imperfect is translated here as a result clause; one might interpret it as indicating purpose, “and so I might be honored.”
[49:5] 36 tn Heb “and my God is [perhaps, “having been”] my strength.” The disjunctive structure (vav [ו] + subject + verb) is interpreted here as indicating a causal circumstantial clause.
[49:6] 37 tn Heb “the protected [or “preserved”] ones.”
[49:6] 38 sn The question is purely rhetorical; it does not imply that the servant was dissatisfied with his commission or that he minimized the restoration of Israel.
[49:6] 39 tn See the note at 42:6.
[49:6] 40 tn Heb “be” (so KJV, ASV); CEV “you must take.”
[49:7] 41 tn Heb “redeemer.” See the note at 41:14.
[49:7] 42 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
[49:7] 43 tc The Hebrew text reads literally “to [one who] despises life.” It is preferable to read with the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa לבזוי, which should be vocalized as a passive participle, לִבְזוּי (livzuy, “to the one despised with respect to life” [נֶפֶשׁ is a genitive of specification]). The consonantal sequence וי was probably misread as ה in the MT tradition. The contextual argument favors the 1QIsaa reading. As J. N. Oswalt (Isaiah [NICOT], 2:294) points out, the three terse phrases “convey a picture of lowliness, worthlessness, and helplessness.”
[49:7] 44 tn MT’s Piel participle (“to the one who rejects”) does not fit contextually. The form should be revocalized as a Pual, “to the one rejected.”
[49:7] 45 tn Parallelism (see “rulers,” “kings,” “princes”) suggests that the singular גּוֹי (goy) be emended to a plural or understood in a collective sense (see 55:5).
[49:7] 46 tn For this sense of קוּם (qum), see Gen 19:1; 23:7; 33:10; Lev 19:32; 1 Sam 20:41; 25:41; 1 Kgs 2:19; Job 29:8.
[49:8] 47 tn The translation assumes the verb is derived from the root נָצָר (natsar, “protect”). Some prefer to derive it from the root יָצָר (yatsar, “form”).
[49:8] 48 tn Heb “a covenant of people.” A person cannot literally be a covenant; בְּרִית (bÿrit) is probably metonymic here, indicating a covenant mediator. Here עָם (’am, “people”) appears to refer to Israel. See the note at 42:6.
[49:8] 49 tn The Hiphil of קוּם (qum, “arise”) is probably used here in the sense of “rebuild.”
[49:8] 50 tn The “land” probably stands by metonymy for the ruins within it.
[49:9] 51 tn Heb “to say.” In the Hebrew text the infinitive construct is subordinated to what precedes.
[49:9] 52 tn Heb “in darkness” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV); NLT “the prisoners of darkness.”
[49:9] 53 tn Heb “show yourselves” (so ASV, NAB, NASB).
[49:10] 54 tn Heb “and the heat and the sun will not strike them.” In Isa 35:7, its only other occurrence in the OT, שָׁרָב (sharav) stands parallel to “parched ground” and in contrast to “pool.” In later Hebrew and Aramaic it refers to “dry heat, heat of the sun” (Jastrow 1627 s.v.). Here it likely has this nuance and forms a hendiadys with “sun.”
[49:12] 55 tc The MT reads “Sinim” here; the Dead Sea Scrolls read “Syene,” a location in Egypt associated with modern Aswan. A number of recent translations adopt this reading: “Syene” (NAB, NRSV); “Aswan” (NIV); “Egypt” (NLT).
[49:12] sn The precise location of the land of Sinim is uncertain, but since the north and west are mentioned in the previous line, it was a probably located in the distant east or south.
[49:13] 56 tn Or “O heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.
[49:13] 57 tn Heb “his” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
[49:14] 58 tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).
[49:15] 59 tn Heb “her suckling”; NASB “her nursing child.”
[49:15] 60 tn Heb “so as not to have compassion on the son of her womb?”
[49:15] 61 tn Heb “these” (so ASV, NASB).
[49:15] 62 sn The argument of v. 15 seems to develop as follows: The Lord has an innate attachment to Zion, just like a mother does for her infant child. But even if mothers were to suddenly abandon their children, the Lord would never forsake Zion. In other words, the Lord’s attachment to Zion is like a mother’s attachment to her infant child, but even stronger.
[49:16] 63 tn Heb “you.” Here the pronoun is put by metonymy for the person’s name.
[49:18] 64 tn Heb “Lift up around your eyes and see.”
[49:19] 65 tn Heb “Indeed your ruins and your desolate places, and the land of your destruction.” This statement is abruptly terminated in the Hebrew text and left incomplete.
[49:20] 66 tn Heb “me.” The singular is collective.
[49:20] 67 tn Heb “draw near to me so I can dwell.”
[49:21] 68 tn Heb “and you will say in your heart.”
[49:21] 69 tn Or “exiled and thrust away”; NIV “exiled and rejected.”
[49:23] 70 tn Heb “your,” but Zion here stands by metonymy for her children (see v. 22b).
[49:23] 71 tn Heb “you.” See the preceding note.
[49:23] 72 tn Or “at your feet” (NAB, NIV); NLT “from your feet.”
[49:24] 73 tc The Hebrew text has צָדִיק (tsadiq, “a righteous [one]”), but this makes no sense in the parallelism. The Qumran scroll 1QIsaa reads correctly עריץ (“violent [one], tyrant”; see v. 25).
[49:26] 74 sn Verse 26a depicts siege warfare and bloody defeat. The besieged enemy will be so starved they will their own flesh. The bloodstained bodies lying on the blood-soaked battle site will look as if they collapsed in drunkenness.
[49:26] 75 tn Heb “flesh” (so KJV, NASB).
[49:26] 76 tn Heb “your redeemer.” See the note at 41:14.
[49:26] 77 tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Jacob.” See 1:24.
[52:1] 78 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[52:2] 79 tn Heb “Shake yourself free from the dirt.”
[52:2] 80 tc The Hebrew text has שְּׂבִי (shÿvi), which some understand as a feminine singular imperative from יָשַׁב (yashav, “sit”). The LXX, Vulgate, Syriac, and the Targum support the MT reading (the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa does indirectly). Some interpret this to mean “take your throne”: The Lord exhorts Jerusalem to get up from the dirt and sit, probably with the idea of sitting in a place of honor (J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah [NICOT], 2:361). However, the form is likely a corruption of שְׁבִיָּה (shÿviyyah, “captive”), which appears in the parallel line.
[52:5] 81 tn Heb “and now what [following the marginal reading (Qere)] to me here?”
[52:5] 82 tn The verb appears to be a Hiphil form from the root יָלַל (yalal, “howl”), perhaps here in the sense of “mock.” Some emend the form to יְהוֹלָּלוֹ (yÿhollalo) and understand a Polel form of the root הָלַל meaning here “mock, taunt.”
[52:5] 83 tn The verb is apparently a Hitpolal form (with assimilated tav, ת) from the root נָאַץ (na’ats), but GKC 151-52 §55.b explains it as a mixed form, combining Pual and Hitpolel readings.
[52:6] 84 tn The verb is understood by ellipsis (note the preceding line).
[52:6] 85 tn Heb “in that day” (so KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
[52:7] 86 tn Heb “How delightful on the mountains.”
[52:7] 87 tn Or “has become king.” When a new king was enthroned, his followers would give this shout. For other examples of this enthronement formula (Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular מָלַךְ [malakh], followed by the name of the king), see 2 Sam 15:10; 1 Kgs 1:11, 13, 18; 2 Kgs 9:13. The Lord is an eternal king, but here he is pictured as a victorious warrior who establishes his rule from Zion.
[52:8] 88 tn קוֹל (qol, “voice”) is used at the beginning of the verse as an interjection.
[52:8] 89 tn Heb “eye in eye”; KJV, ASV “eye to eye”; NAB “directly, before their eyes.”
[52:9] 90 tn Or “redeems.” See the note at 41:14.
[52:10] 91 tn Heb “lays bare”; NLT “will demonstrate.”
[52:10] 92 tn Heb “his holy arm.” This is a metonymy for his power.
[52:10] 93 tn Heb “the remote regions,” which here stand for the extremities and everything in between.
[52:10] 94 tn Heb “the deliverance of our God.” “God” is a subjective genitive here.
[52:11] 95 tn Heb “the vessels of the Lord” (so KJV, NAB).
[52:12] 96 tn Heb “or go in flight”; NAB “leave in headlong flight.”
[60:1] 97 tn Or “glory” (so most English versions).
[60:2] 98 tn The verb “covers” is understood by ellipsis (note the preceding line).
[60:2] 99 tn Or “glory” (so most English versions); TEV “the brightness of his presence.”
[60:4] 100 tn Heb “Lift up around your eyes and see!”
[60:5] 101 tn Or “shine,” or “be radiant” (NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).
[60:5] 102 tn Heb “and it will tremble and be wide, your heart.”
[60:5] 103 tn Heb “the wealth of the sea,” i.e., wealth that is transported from distant lands via the sea.
[60:6] 104 tn Heb “an abundance of camels will cover you.”
[60:6] 105 tn Heb “all of them, from Sheba.”
[60:6] 106 tn Heb “and they will announce the praises of the Lord.”
[60:7] 107 tn Heb “will serve you,” i.e., be available as sacrifices (see the next line). Another option is to understood these “rams” as symbolic of leaders who will be subject to the people of Zion. See v. 10.
[60:7] 108 tc Heb “they will go up on acceptance [on] my altar.” Some have suggested that the preposition עַל (’al) is dittographic (note the preceding יַעֲלוּ [ya’alu]). Consequently, the form should be emended to לְרָצוֹן (lÿratson, “acceptably”; see BDB 953 s.v. רָצוֹן). However, the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa has both לרצון followed by the preposition על, which would argue against deleted the preposition. As the above translation seeks to demonstrate, the preposition עַל (’al) indicates a norm (“in accordance with acceptance” or “acceptably”; IBHS 218 §11.2.13e, n. 111) and the “altar” functions as an objective accusative with a verb of motion (cf. Gen 49:4; Lev 2:2; Num 13:17; J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah [NICOT], 2:534, n. 14).
[60:8] 109 tn Heb “fly” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV); NAB, NIV “fly along.”
[60:8] 110 tn Heb “to their windows,” i.e., to the openings in their coops. See HALOT 83 s.v. אֲרֻבָּה.
[60:9] 111 tn Or “islands” (NIV); CEV “distant islands”; TEV “distant lands.”
[60:9] 112 tn Heb “the ships of Tarshish.” See the note at 2:16.
[60:9] 113 tn Heb “to the name of the Lord your God.”
[60:9] 114 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
[60:10] 115 tn Heb “in my favor I will have compassion on you.”
[60:11] 116 tn Or “led in procession.” The participle is passive.
[60:12] 117 tn Or “For” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); TEV “But.”
[60:12] 118 tn The infinitive absolute appears before the finite verb for emphasis.
[60:13] 119 tn Or “holy place, sanctuary.”
[60:13] 120 tn Heb “the place of my feet.” See Ezek 43:7, where the Lord’s throne is called the “place of the soles of my feet.”
[60:14] 121 sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.
[60:15] 122 tn Heb “Instead of your being abandoned and despised, with no one passing through, I will make you.”
[60:16] 123 sn The nations and kings are depicted as a mother nursing her children. Restored Zion will be nourished by them as she receives their wealth as tribute.
[60:16] 124 tn Or “redeemer.” See the note at 41:14.
[60:16] 125 sn See 1:24 and 49:26.
[60:17] 126 tn The words “I will bring you” are supplied in the translation; they are understood by ellipsis (see the preceding lines).
[60:17] 127 tn The words “I will bring you” are supplied in the translation; they are understood by ellipsis (see the first two lines of the verse).
[60:17] 128 tn Or “peace” (KJV and many other English versions).
[60:17] 129 tn The plural indicates degree. The language is ironic; in the past Zion was ruled by oppressive tyrants, but now personified prosperity and vindication will be the only things that will “dominate” the city.
[60:18] 130 tn The words “sounds of” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[60:18] 131 tn The words “sounds of” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[60:19] 132 tn Heb “and your God for your splendor.”
[60:20] 133 sn In this verse “sun” and “moon” refer to the Lord’s light, which will replace the sun and moon (see v. 19). Light here symbolizes the restoration of divine blessing and prosperity in conjunction with the Lord’s presence. See 30:26.
[60:20] 134 tn Heb “days” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
[60:21] 135 tn Or “righteous” (NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); NAB “just.”
[60:21] 136 tn Heb “a shoot of his planting, the work of my hands, to reveal splendor.”
[60:22] 137 tn Heb “will become” (so NASB, NIV).
[60:22] 138 tn Heb “I, the Lord, in its time, I will quickly do it.”
